Millettia pinnata, also known as Pongamia, Indian Beech, or Karanja Tree, is a medium-sized, fast-growing deciduous tree valued for its shade, ornamental beauty, nitrogen-fixing abilities, and oil-producing seeds. Native to tropical and subtropical Asia, this multipurpose tree is ideal for agroforestry, reforestation, roadside planting, and sustainable fuel production.
Reaching heights of 40–50 feet, Pongamia develops a wide, spreading canopy with bright green pinnate leaves and clusters of fragrant pink to lavender flowers that attract pollinators. The seeds are rich in non-edible oil used in biodiesel, soap production, and traditional medicine. Its roots improve soil fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, making it an eco-friendly choice for degraded soils and dryland farming.
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